Immigration & emigration

Immigration and emigration records can reveal how and why ancestors moved between countries, providing valuable insight into family movements and historical context.

The movement of people from one country to another has been a common feature of family history for centuries, and for many families, tracing ancestors who emigrated overseas can form an important and often fascinating part of the research.

From the 19th century onwards in particular, large numbers of people left the United Kingdom in search of work, opportunity, or a new life abroad. Common destinations included the United States, Canada, Australia, and New Zealand, although movement between European countries also took place.

One of the most useful sources for tracing this movement is passenger lists. Outgoing passenger lists from the UK (available from the late 19th century onwards) and incoming records in destination countries can often provide details such as names, ages, occupations, and intended destinations. These records can help to confirm when an individual left the country and where they were heading.

Once an ancestor has been identified overseas, records from their new country of residence may also be available. These can include census records, vital records (birth, marriage, and death), and in some cases naturalisation documents, and together, these sources can help to build a picture of how families settled and established themselves in their new environments.

Earlier migration can be more difficult to trace, particularly where records are limited or incomplete.

It is also important to recognise that not all immigration or emigration was permanent. Some individuals travelled for work or military service and later returned, while others may have moved between countries more than once.

Where records can be identified, research into immigration and emigration can add an additional layer of depth to a family history, revealing not only where ancestors came from, but also the journeys they undertook and the decisions that shaped their lives.

If you are considering a family history project, you are very welcome to get in touch to discuss what may be possible.